These two punctuation marks can be tricky:

Colon ( : )

Semicolon ( ; )

Basically, the semicolon is used to separate two clauses. There is no need for a conjunction when using the semicolon (as there is with commas). Compare:

• I eat apples because they are healthy.
• I eat apples; they are healthy.

Both of these pairs of clauses show a logical link of ideas. The first one is clearer because the word because signals a specific relationship. When writing, you should choose the comma because there will be more clarity in your ideas.

A colon is usually used before giving a list or an explanation. Compare:

• We will need a few blankets, some plates, a radio, and a torch for our trip.
• We will need the following things for our trip: a few blankets, some plates, a radio, and a torch.